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Definition: Macular Degeneration is a process of wear and tear in the macula, that part of the eye responsible for sharp, central vision and color. It is the leading cause of vision loss among people over the age of 65.
Macular degeneration usually affects both eyes and can be either gradual or abrupt. Side vision is unaffected.
Causes: The thin, fragile macula within the center of the retina is made up of several layers. The light-sensing cells produce sharp, central vision while two underlying layers nourish and help remove waste from these cells. It is never caused by over using the eyes.
Just as some plants are easily damaged if they recieve too much sun or water, macular degeneration is similar in some ways. Light may play a role in the development of the "dry" type in which cell waste isn't easily digested, builds up, and swelling occurs. It can be a forerunner of "wet" macular degeneration.
The "wet" type may cause rapid, severe vision loss. It usually occurs when abnormal, new blood vessels grow for unknown reasons, leaking fluid and blood. The build-up of fluid causes the macula to bulge, distorting vision.
Treatment:
Note: The information on this website is not a substitute for professional care. If you are having any problems with your eyes, you should see your ophthalmologist or optometrist for diagnosis and treatment.
Information for this section has been reviewed and approved prior to posting by Florida Eye Institute in Vero Beach, Florida. Physicians: Dr. Baudo.
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